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Born Caius Messius Quintus Traianus Decius around the year 201 AD in the village of Budalia in Lower Pannonia. He was governor of Lower Moesia in 234-238 AD. In 248 AD, he was dispatched by Philip I to restore order to Upper Moesia following the rebellion of Pacatian. Ironically, Decius was proclaimed emperor by the rebels in July 249 AD and forced to march on Italy. In a battle near Verona, Philip I and his son, Philip II, were killed and Decius was left as sole ruler of the Empire.
Decius spent most of his reign near the northern borders fighting the Goths. In June 251 AD, the Goth King Cniva ambushed Decius and his army in a swamp near Abrittus and Decius was killed along with his son, Herennius Etruscus. They became the first emperors to be killed in battle by foreign forces.
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RIC IV, Part III - Trajan Decius, 10b: AR Antoninianus, 21x22mm (Rome) 249-251 AD
Obverse: IMP C M Q TRAIANVS DECIVS AVG
- Radiated bust of Trajan Decius draped and cuirassed right.
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Reverse: ABVNDANTIA AVG
- Abundantia standing right, emptying cornucopiae hold in both hands.
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RIC IV, Part III - Trajan Decius, 12b: AR Antoninianus, 21mm (Rome) 249-251 AD
Obverse: IMP C M Q TRAIANVS DECIVS AVG
- Radiated bust of Trajan Decius draped and cuirassed right.
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Reverse: D-A-C-I-A
- Dacia, wearing robe reaching her feet, standing left, holding vertical staff with ass's head.
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RIC IV, Part III - Trajan Decius, 26: AR Antoninianus, 20x23mm (Rome) 249-251 AD
Obverse: IMP C M Q TRAIANVS DECIVS AVG
- Radiated bust of Trajan Decius draped and cuirassed right.
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Reverse: PANNONIAE
- The two Pannoniae, veiled, standing right and left, facing one another, clasping right hands in front of standard in the center.
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RIC IV, Part III - Trajan Decius, 29c: AR Antoninianus, 21x22mm (Rome) 249-251 AD
Obverse: IMP C M Q TRAIANVS DECIVS AVG
- Radiated bust of Trajan Decius draped and cuirassed right.
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Reverse: VICTORIA AVG
- Victory running left, holding wreath and palm.
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